Neuroscience on Trauma & Iatrogenic Injury

Trauma is a profound experience that can leave lasting imprints on the brain, body, and mind. When it comes to healing, many turn to therapy, believing that sharing their story will help release its grip.

While discussing trauma with a therapist can foster understanding and healing, it’s equally important to acknowledge the potential risks, including possible iatrogenic injuries of revisiting painful memories.

How Trauma Affects the Brain

Trauma activates the brain’s amygdala, the emotional processing center responsible for the fight-or-flight response. Simultaneously, the hippocampus, which organizes memories into a coherent narrative, may struggle to function properly. This imbalance can result in fragmented, emotionally charged memories that feel as if the event is happening all over again.

Repeated exposure to trauma, even in conversation, can reinforce these neural pathways, making it harder to distinguish between past and present. The prefrontal cortex, which helps regulate emotional responses and decision-making, may also become less active during these moments, leaving individuals feeling overwhelmed or dysregulated.

The Role of Therapy in Trauma Processing

Talking to a therapist trained in trauma-informed care can help rewire these pathways to reduce the intensity of traumatic memories by integrating emotional and cognitive responses. In these cases, therapy creates a safe environment where the brain can begin to reprocess the trauma without iatrogenic injuries of reliving it and revivifying memories.

Iatrogenic Injury: When Talking Makes It Worse

Iatrogenic injury refers to unintended harm unintentionally caused during the healing process. In trauma therapy, this might occur when:

  • Premature exploration: Diving into traumatic memories without sufficient grounding or coping skills can retraumatize the individual.
  • Revivification: Recalling trauma and reliving memories can flood the brain with stress hormones like cortisol, reinforcing the neural networks linked to distress.
  • Invalidation or missteps: A therapist questions or lack of sensitivity can leave the client feeling unseen or misunderstood, exacerbating their pain.

What Happens in the Brain During Trauma Caused by Iatrogenic Injury?

When traumatic memories are revisited in an unsafe or unsupported way, the brain’s alarm system—the amygdala—goes into overdrive. Stress chemicals surge, reinforcing hypervigilance and emotional dysregulation. Over time, these repeated stress responses can lead to:

  • Strengthened fear circuits, making the trauma feel even more entrenched.
  • Weakened hippocampal activity, impairing memory integration.
  • Reduced neuroplasticity, hindering the brain’s ability to heal and adapt.

How to Avoid Iatrogenic Trauma in Therapy

  1. Trauma-informed care: Seek therapists who prioritize safety, empowerment, and skill-building before addressing deep trauma.
  2. Gradual exposure: With Accelerated Hypnotherapy, you don’t have to revisit memories. We have a method that enables the client to staying grounded in the present moment.
  3. Body awareness: Practices that involve the body can help regulate emotions during sessions.
  4. Strengthening resilience: Clients can develop resources and coping strategies to become more emotionally resilient.

Final Thoughts

Resolving trauma can be transformative.

However, it doesn’t have to be about sharing your story—but resolving painful experiences and memories in a way that helps the brain rewire its responses, resolve painful memories, and move toward healing.

If you’re navigating trauma, work with a therapist who understands the neuroscience of healing and knows how to avoid iatrogenic injuries.

If you feel that talking about trauma isn’t helping and might actually be making things worse.

There are other less painful paths to the healing of painful experiences and traumatic memories that don’t require you to relive them. Many of my clients have received the most transformational emotional healing by not talking about their trauma with me.

Let’s connect.

2 responses to “Neuroscience on Trauma & Iatrogenic Injury”

  1. […] eating or exercise can create issues of their own, in additional to the trauma. This is called an iatrogenic effect, where what you’re doing to help, unintentionally makes things […]

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  2. […] talk therapy might make you feel worse and have an unintentional iatrogenic effect, because you revivify the trauma and experience it again when you talk about […]

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